Tongi Whakaranu Nitro-Whawhā
whakaahuatanga1
I. Ngā Whakatakotoranga Whānui (He pai mō ngā Hua maha)
● Te Hanganga Taurite
Ōwehenga NPK-S: 15-15-15 + 10% S
Te Whakamahinga: He whānuitia te whakamahinga mō ngā huawhenua rau (hei tauira, te pīnihi, te kāpeti) me ngā huawhenua hua (hei tauira, te tōmato, te pepa) e hiahia ana ki ngā matūkai taurite, hei tautoko i te tipu tipu me te tipu uri.
Ngā Pūtake Hauota: Ko te hauota pākawa waro te 30%~50% (hei tauira, te haukini pākawa waro, te konupūmā pākawa waro), ko te toenga he haukini pākawa waro, he urea rānei.
Ngā Pūtake o te Whānariki: Te pāhare pākawa waro (K₂SO₄), te konupora waro (MgSO₄), me ētahi atu.
● Te Hanganga Hauota-Tiketike
Ōwehenga NPK-S: 25-5-10 + 12% S
Te Whakamahinga: He pai mō ngā huawhenua rau (hei tauira, te pīnihi, te rētihi) me ngā wāhanga tipu rānei hei whakatairanga tere i te tipu o ngā rau.
Pūtake Hauota: Neke atu i te 50% te hauota hauota, e tere ai te mahi.
II. Ngā Hanganga Motuhake mō te Huawhenua
● Huawhenua Hua (Tōmato, Pepa)
Ōwehenga NPK-S: 18-8-20 + 12% S
Ngā Āhuatanga: Ka whakanui ake te pāhare pāporo i te tipu o te hua, ka tere ake te mimiti o ngā matūkai e te hauota pākawa, ā, ka whakanui ake te whanariki i te nui o te huka me te ātete ki ngā mate.
Pūtake Whānariki: Te whānariki pāhare pākawa (e whakarato ana i te pāhare pākawa me te whānariki).
● Ngā Hua Pūtake/Pūtake (Rīwai, Kūmara)
Ōwehenga NPK-S: 12-10-20 + 15% S
Ngā Āhuatanga: Ka whakatairanga te pāhare pāporo nui i te kohikohinga māngaro, ka whakapakari te whanariki i te hanganga pūmua, ā, ka tautoko te hauota pākawa waro i te tipu i te wā e whakanui ana i te kōpura.
● Ngā Rākau Hua (Hanu, Āporo)
Ōwehenga NPK-S: 16-6-18 + 8% S
Ngā Āhuatanga: Ka whakapai ake te NPK taurite i te reka o te hua me te roa o te rokiroki, ā, ka tutuki i te hauota nitrate ngā hiahia matūkai tere i te wā e tipu ana te wana.
● Ngā Hua Wīti (Kānga, Wiiti)
Ōwehenga NPK-S: 22-10-12 + 10% S
Ngā Āhuatanga: Ka tautoko te hauota nui i te roa o te kakau me te whakakī i te witi, ka whakanui te whanariki i te matotoru o te purapura, ā, ka urutau te hauota pākawa waro ki ngā hiahia mimiti i te pāmahana iti.
III. Ngā Whakatakotoranga Mahi
● Tātai Oneone Tote-Kawakore
Ōwehenga NPK-S: 14-12-14 + 18% S
Ngā Āhuatanga: Ka whakamama te nui o te whanariki (whanariki, ngā whanariki rānei) i te kino o te tote; ka karo te hauota pākawa waro i te piri o te oneone. He pai mō ngā hua e ātete ana ki te tote pērā i te pīti huka me te rākau putirā.
● Tongi Wairewa-Wai
Ōwehenga NPK-S: 20-10-20 + 15% S
Ngā Āhuatanga: He wairewa katoa ki te wai mō te whakamakuku maturuturu, mō te rehu rau rānei; ka taea te mimiti tika i te hauota hauota, ā, ka ārai te whanariki i te kōwhai o te korenga o te whanariki.
● Tātai Wā Mahana-Iti
Ōwehenga NPK-S: 18-6-12 + 10% S
Ngā Āhuatanga: Mā te nui o te hauota pākawa waro (>60%) ka tere te mimiti i te makariri, he mea tino pai mō ngā hua kati kōtuhi i te tīmatanga o te kōanga.
IV. Ngā Mātāpono Hoahoa Matua
Te Ōwehenga o te Hauota Naitate: I te nuinga o te wā 30%~70% o te hauota katoa, e pai ana mō ngā pānga tere o te mahi i ngā pāmahana iti, i ngā hua rānei kāore i te nui te hauota.
Ngā Pūtake o te Whakāriki:
● Te Pāhare pākawa waro (K₂SO₄): Ka whakarato i te whanariki me te pāhare pākawa waro, he pai mō ngā hua e pāngia ana e te hauhā (hei tauira, te tupeka, te karepe).
● Te Āmoniuma Whāwhā ((NH₄)₂SO₄): Kei roto te 24% whanariki, ā, ka tāpirihia te hauota āmoniuma.
● Whānariki Huānga (S): He pūtake whānariki tuku puhoi hei whakatika i te korenga whānariki o te oneone mō te wā roa.
Ngā ōwehenga NPK: Kua whakarerekētia i runga i ngā hiahia o te hua, hei tauira:
● Huawhenua Rau: He nui te hauota (N > 20%), he iti te whākōkī me te pāhare pāporo.
● Ngā Hua Hua: He nui te pāhare pāporo (K₂O > 15%), he taurite te hauota me te whākōkī.
V. Ngā Huinga Rauemi Mata Noa
Whāinga Whakatakoto | Ngā Tauira Rauemi Mata |
Teitei o te Hauota Hauota + te Whānariki | Konupūmā haukinia pākawa (me te hauota pākawa) + pāhare pākawa + monoammonium phosphate |
Te Hanganga Taurite | Nitrophosphate (me te hauota hauota) + pāhare pākawa waro + urea (he iti noa iho) |
Whai hua te utu | Haukiniuma pākawa (hauota pākawa) + superphosphate (kei roto te whanariki) + KCl (kia mōhio ki te aro o te pūhaumāota) |
VI. Ngā Whakatūpato
Kaua e Whakaranua ki ngā Tongi Kawakore: Ka tauhohe te hauota hauota ki ngā matū kawakore (hei tauira, te pungarehu rakau), ka ngaro te mimiti.
Whakahaere i te Ihirangi o te Hauota: Whakamahia te pāhare pākawa waro hei utu mō te KCl mō ngā hua e pāngia ana e te hauota (hei tauira, te tupeka, te rīwai).
Te Āhuatanga ki te Oneone:
● Ngā Oneone Waikawa: He pai ake te konupūmā pākawa hei tāpiri i te konupūmā me te whakatika i te pH.
● Ngā Oneone Kore-Whānariki: Whakanuia te ihirangi whanariki ki te >15%, tāpirihia rānei he paura whanariki taketake.
Whakarāpopototanga: He maha ngā momo whakatakotoranga o ngā maniua e ahu mai ana i te hauota-whāwhā e hāngai ana ki ngā momo hua, ngā wāhanga tipu, me ngā āhuatanga o te oneone. Ko te mea nui ko te arotau i ngā pānga mahi tahi o te hauota hauota me te whanariki. Ka whakarei ake ngā whakatakotoranga pūtaiao i te whai huatanga o te maniua, ka whakaiti i te para matūkai me te tote o te oneone.
Ingoa Hua | Tongi matū hauota-whāwhā |
Āhua | Ngā kirikiri mā |
Ngā tātai auau | 24-6-10; 26-0-0; 26-13-0; 19-26-0; 27-0-5; 15-15-15; 16-5-20; 15-4-26 |
Tātai | Tapeke N ≥ | P2O5 O ≥ | K2O ≥ | Ngā Matūkai Katoa ≥ | Makuku ≤ |
24-6-10 | 24.1 | 6.0 | 10.15 | 40.2 | 0.2 |
26-0-0 | 26.1 | 0 | 0 | 26.1 | 0.22 |
26-13-0 | 26.1 | 13.12 | 0 | 39.1 | 0.25 |
19-26-0 | 19.0 | 26.1 | 0 | 45.1 | 0.23 |
27-0-5 | 27.1 | 0 | 5.1 | 32.1 | 0.32 |
15-15-15 | 15.0 | 15.1 | 15.1 | 45.2 | 0.33 |
16-5-20 | 16.0 | 5.1 | 20.1 | 41.1 | 0.35 |
15-4-26 | 15.0 | 4.1 | 26.1 | 45.1 | 0.22 |
He aha i whiriwhiri ai koe i a Henan Yongchang mō ngā maniua matū e hangai ana ki te nitro-whanariki
Te Pūmanawa Whakaputa me te Tohungatanga Ao Whānui:
E whakamanamana ana ki te putanga ā-tau o te 300,000 tana mita me te tukunga i te wā tika, me te tautokona e te hanganga kaweake pakari e whakarite ana i te kore raruraru whakawhiti rohe.
Teitei o te Whai Hua: Kua whakareihia ki te hauota pākawa hei mimiti wawe i ngā hua, ka tere te wātea o ngā matūkai me te tino whai huatanga o te whakamahinga tongi.
Haumaru Taiao: I hangaia kāore he biuret, ā, he iti rawa te ihirangi pūhaumāota, e whakaatu ana i te hangarau tongi matomato o te whakatupuranga hou me ngā āhuatanga kore parahanga.
Hototahi ki ngā Hua: I hangaia mō ngā pūnaha whakatipu whenua maroke, i arotauhia mō ngā hua e hiahia ana ki te whanariki/e tairongo ana ki te hauhā me ngā oneone ngoikore te whanariki/te tote-kawa, kia kore ai he parahanga toenga.
